How to apply for DoD security clearance? It sounds like navigating a labyrinth, right? But fear not, aspiring secret agent! This journey, while demanding, is entirely conquerable. We’ll unravel the mysteries of clearance levels – Confidential, Secret, and the oh-so-exclusive Top Secret – explaining the eligibility hoops you’ll need to jump through for each. Think of it as a thrilling adventure, with paperwork as your trusty steed.
We’ll guide you through filling out the infamous SF86 form (no, it’s not as scary as it looks!), navigate the background check process (yes, they’ll dig deep!), and even offer survival tips for the interview. Prepare for a comprehensive guide that’s as clear as a crisp autumn day and as engaging as a spy thriller.
Securing a DoD security clearance is a significant undertaking, demanding meticulous attention to detail and unwavering honesty. This process involves multiple steps, from completing the initial application to undergoing a thorough background investigation. Understanding the nuances of each stage – from the different clearance levels and their associated requirements to effectively managing potential issues during the investigation – is crucial for a successful outcome.
This guide will equip you with the knowledge and strategies to confidently navigate each phase of the process, increasing your chances of obtaining the clearance you need.
Understanding Security Clearance Levels
Navigating the world of Department of Defense (DoD) security clearances can feel like entering a secret society – a thrilling, yet sometimes daunting, adventure. But fear not, intrepid applicant! This guide will demystify the process, starting with a clear understanding of the different clearance levels. Think of it as your personal map to the classified world.
The DoD uses a tiered system to protect sensitive information, categorizing clearances into three main levels: Confidential, Secret, and Top Secret. Each level grants access to increasingly sensitive information, with progressively stricter eligibility requirements and more thorough background investigations.
Confidential Clearance
A Confidential clearance allows access to information whose unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause damage to national security. Eligibility generally requires a thorough background check, focusing on your personal history, financial stability, and foreign contacts. Think of it as the entry-level pass to the world of classified information. The investigation typically involves interviews with references, a review of your credit history, and a check for any criminal activity.
This process is relatively straightforward compared to higher-level clearances, making it a good starting point for those new to the security clearance realm.
Secret Clearance
Stepping up the ladder, a Secret clearance grants access to information whose unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to national security. This requires a significantly more extensive background investigation than a Confidential clearance. Expect a deeper dive into your personal history, including a more thorough review of your finances, foreign contacts, and potentially even your social media presence.
Think of it as a rigorous vetting process, ensuring only those deemed trustworthy are granted access. The investigation will be more extensive, potentially including interviews with a broader range of contacts and a more detailed examination of your past.
Top Secret Clearance
At the pinnacle of security clearance lies the Top Secret clearance. This clearance permits access to information whose unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause exceptionally grave damage to national security. This is the most rigorous and comprehensive background investigation, encompassing nearly every aspect of your life, both past and present. It’s a high bar to clear, but a testament to your trustworthiness and commitment to national security.
The investigation is exceptionally thorough, including polygraph testing in many cases, and involves an exhaustive review of your personal and professional life. This level of clearance is reserved for those with impeccable records and demonstrable loyalty.
Comparison of Investigation Processes
The investigation depth, timeframes, and background checks differ significantly across clearance levels. Understanding these differences is crucial for managing your expectations and preparing for the process.
Clearance Level | Investigation Depth | Typical Timeframe | Background Checks |
---|---|---|---|
Confidential | Basic background check; limited scope | 6-12 months | Credit history, criminal record, interviews with references |
Secret | Extensive background check; broader scope | 12-24 months | Credit history, criminal record, foreign contact checks, in-depth interviews, social media review |
Top Secret | Extremely thorough background check; comprehensive scope | 18-36+ months | Credit history, criminal record, foreign contact checks, in-depth interviews, polygraph testing, extensive financial and lifestyle reviews |
The Application Process
Embarking on the journey to obtain a DoD security clearance can feel like navigating a complex maze, but with a clear roadmap and a bit of patience, the process becomes much more manageable. Think of it as a quest, where the ultimate reward is the privilege of serving your country in a position of trust. This section will guide you through the crucial initial steps, ensuring a smooth and successful start to your application.
Remember, accuracy and completeness are paramount – they are your keys to unlocking this exciting opportunity.
The initial stages of your security clearance application involve gathering essential information and completing the necessary paperwork. This is where you lay the foundation for a successful application, so take your time, be thorough, and don’t hesitate to seek clarification if needed. It’s better to be meticulous now than to face delays later.
Obtaining and Completing the SF86 Form
The cornerstone of your application is the Standard Form 86 (SF86), the Questionnaire for National Security Positions. This comprehensive document delves into various aspects of your life, seeking information that helps assess your suitability for a security clearance. Think of it as a detailed biography, but with a focus on your trustworthiness and reliability. You can access the SF86 online through the e-QIP (electronic Questionnaires for Investigations Processing) system.
This online portal streamlines the submission process, making it significantly more efficient than paper applications. Familiarize yourself with the form’s instructions carefully before beginning. The SF86 is a long form, so breaking it down into manageable sections can make the task less daunting. Don’t rush; accuracy is key.
The importance of accuracy in completing the SF86 cannot be overstated. Inaccuracies, even seemingly minor ones, can significantly delay or even jeopardize your application. Imagine a meticulously crafted building; one misplaced brick can compromise the entire structure. Similarly, a small oversight in your SF86 can lead to significant delays and complications. Therefore, take your time, double-check your answers, and if you are unsure about anything, seek clarification before submitting.
This isn’t just paperwork; it’s your reputation and your future.
- Access the e-QIP system online. This is your portal to the application process.
- Carefully read the instructions provided within the e-QIP system. Understanding the guidelines will ensure a smoother process.
- Begin completing the SF86, ensuring accuracy and completeness in every section. Take your time and don’t rush.
- Review your completed SF86 thoroughly before submission. Double-checking your work is crucial to prevent delays.
- Submit your completed SF86 through the e-QIP system. This marks the official start of your application.
Think of this process as building a strong foundation for your future. Each step, each detail, contributes to the overall picture of your trustworthiness and reliability. By approaching this initial phase with care and diligence, you set the stage for a successful clearance application. This isn’t just about filling out forms; it’s about demonstrating your commitment to national security and your readiness to take on this significant responsibility.
The journey may seem long, but remember the rewarding destination awaits.
Completing the SF86 Form
Let’s tackle the SF86, the bedrock of your security clearance journey. Think of it as a detailed autobiography, but with a government-issued magnifying glass scrutinizing every word. Accuracy is paramount; this isn’t a casual essay; it’s a legal document that will determine your access to sensitive information. Getting it right the first time saves you headaches later.The SF86, or Standard Form 86, is a comprehensive questionnaire used to investigate applicants for security clearances.
It delves deep into various aspects of your life, requiring honesty and meticulous attention to detail. Remember, omissions or inaccuracies can severely jeopardize your chances of obtaining a clearance. Let’s break down the key sections and what you need to know.
Personal Information
This section is straightforward: name, address, contact details, etc. Double-check everything. A simple typo can create unnecessary delays. Think of it as setting the foundation for your entire application; accuracy here is crucial. Provide the most current and complete information available, and ensure consistency across all forms and documentation.
Employment History
List all your employers, starting from your first job. Be precise with dates and job titles. If you had a gap in employment, explain it clearly. Don’t gloss over anything; transparency is key. The investigators will verify everything, so it’s best to be upfront and accurate from the outset.
For example, if you were self-employed, detail your business activities and clientele.
Education History
Include all educational institutions you’ve attended, from high school onwards. Again, be meticulous with dates and degrees earned. If you have any academic achievements or honors, mention them. This section showcases your academic background and helps paint a complete picture of your personal and professional development. Remember to include any professional certifications or training programs.
Foreign Contacts
This section requires careful consideration. It’s not about avoiding contact with foreigners; it’s about disclosing any significant relationships with individuals residing outside the United States. “Significant” means regular contact, close family ties, or business dealings. Don’t be afraid to list contacts; simply be accurate and provide context. For instance, if you have a cousin who lives in another country whom you see only on holidays, this information is relevant.
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Financial History
This section covers your financial background, including bankruptcies, debts, and any financial difficulties. Be honest and complete. The goal isn’t to judge your financial decisions; it’s to assess your trustworthiness and vulnerability to coercion. If you’ve had financial challenges, explain them clearly and honestly, showing your efforts to resolve them. A history of responsible financial management is viewed favorably.
Criminal History
Disclose any arrests, convictions, or legal proceedings, even if they were dismissed. This section requires complete transparency. Anything you omit could be discovered later, potentially leading to the revocation of your clearance. Being honest about your past demonstrates integrity and a willingness to take responsibility for your actions. The focus here is on demonstrating accountability and trustworthiness.
Drug Use
Be completely truthful about any past drug use. This section is vital. The investigators will thoroughly investigate this area, so honesty is the best policy. Provide accurate information about the type of drugs used, the frequency of use, and the timeframe of use. Again, complete transparency is essential.
The process aims to evaluate your suitability for handling sensitive information.
Checklist for Completing the SF86
Before submitting, review this checklist:
- Personal Information: Complete and accurate.
- Employment History: All employers listed, dates and job titles verified.
- Education History: All institutions listed, dates and degrees confirmed.
- Foreign Contacts: All significant contacts disclosed with sufficient detail.
- Financial History: Complete and accurate disclosure of financial matters.
- Criminal History: Full disclosure of all arrests, convictions, and legal proceedings.
- Drug Use: Complete and accurate disclosure of past drug use.
- Review: Thoroughly review the entire form for accuracy and completeness.
Consequences of False or Misleading Information
Providing false or misleading information on the SF86 is a serious offense. It can result in the denial of your clearance application, and in some cases, legal repercussions. The consequences can range from a simple delay in the process to a complete denial of access to classified information. Remember, the clearance process is designed to protect national security.
Your honesty is crucial to that process. Think of it as a journey of trust; building that trust starts with accuracy and transparency.
Background Investigation Process
So, you’ve submitted your SF86 – congratulations! Now comes the part that feels a bit like a deep dive into your life’s history. The background investigation is a thorough process designed to verify the information you provided and assess your suitability for a security clearance. Think of it as a comprehensive fact-finding mission, with the goal of ensuring the nation’s secrets remain, well, secret.The investigation process itself is a multi-step journey.
It involves a detailed examination of various aspects of your life, all aimed at determining your trustworthiness and reliability. This isn’t about catching you out; it’s about ensuring the integrity of national security.
Types of Checks Conducted
The investigators will meticulously examine various aspects of your life. Expect a comprehensive review of your personal history, financial stability, and any potential security risks. This might include a credit check, looking for any patterns of financial irresponsibility that could make you vulnerable to coercion or blackmail. A criminal background check is standard procedure, examining local, state, and federal records for any criminal activity.
This also involves contacting your previous employers to verify your employment history and gather references. Interviews with you, your family, friends, and former colleagues are also commonplace, providing a more holistic picture of your character and habits. Think of it as a 360-degree view of your life, aimed at providing a complete and accurate assessment. Remember, honesty and transparency are your best allies throughout this process.
Potential Delays and Challenges
While the process is designed to be efficient, unforeseen delays can occur. Locating individuals for interviews can sometimes be challenging, especially if people have moved or changed contact information. Incomplete or inaccurate information on your SF86 can also lead to delays, as investigators need to clarify details and verify information. Furthermore, if investigators uncover anything that raises concerns, further investigation may be needed, naturally prolonging the timeline.
For instance, a complex financial situation requiring additional review could significantly extend the process. A past address that is difficult to trace or an overseas contact who is difficult to reach could also cause delays. Think of it as navigating a detailed map – the smoother the path you create with accurate information, the quicker you’ll reach your destination.
Timeline for Background Investigation
The duration of a background investigation varies considerably depending on the level of clearance sought and the complexity of your background. A basic investigation might take a few months, while a top-secret clearance could take a year or more. Factors such as the volume of applications being processed and the availability of investigators also play a role. Let’s imagine two scenarios: a candidate with a straightforward background might see their investigation completed within six months, while someone with a more complex history or international travel might face a timeline extending to 18 months or longer.
It’s a marathon, not a sprint, and patience is key. This is not a race; it’s a thorough process ensuring national security. The time it takes is a testament to the seriousness and importance of the process. This is a crucial step in safeguarding our national interests.
Handling Potential Issues During the Investigation
Navigating the security clearance process can feel like traversing a minefield, but understanding potential pitfalls and how to address them proactively can significantly increase your chances of success. Remember, honesty and transparency are your best allies throughout this journey. This section aims to equip you with the knowledge and strategies to confidently handle any challenges that may arise during the background investigation.Let’s face it, nobody’s life is a perfectly polished resume.
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The investigators understand this; they’re looking for patterns of behavior, not perfection. The key is to address any concerns head-on, with complete honesty and a willingness to cooperate fully.
Addressing Past Drug Use
Past drug use is a common concern during security clearance investigations. The focus isn’t necessarily on whether you’ve used drugs, but rather on the frequency, recency, and the steps you’ve taken since to maintain a drug-free lifestyle. Providing a candid and complete account of your past drug use, including dates, types of drugs, and quantities, demonstrates responsibility and willingness to be forthcoming.
Crucially, emphasize any rehabilitation efforts, such as attending support groups or seeking professional help. Showing a clear pattern of responsible behavior since your last use is vital. For instance, a detailed explanation of your cessation of use, coupled with a clean drug test result, significantly strengthens your case.
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Financial Problems and Debt
Financial instability can raise red flags. The investigators are looking for signs of recklessness or potential vulnerability to coercion. This isn’t about having a perfect credit score; it’s about demonstrating responsible financial management. If you have outstanding debts, explain the circumstances honestly and detail the steps you’re taking to resolve them, such as creating a budget, seeking debt counseling, or working with creditors.
Providing documentation, like debt repayment plans or credit counseling statements, will bolster your explanation. Imagine explaining a past bankruptcy: detailing the circumstances, outlining how you learned from the experience, and demonstrating responsible financial behavior since then will portray a picture of growth and responsibility.
Foreign Contacts
Contact with foreign nationals, even casual acquaintances, can be scrutinized. The key is to provide a full and accurate disclosure of all your foreign contacts, including family members, friends, and business associates. Clearly define the nature of your relationships and the frequency of your interactions. The more detail you provide, the better the investigator can understand the context and assess any potential risks.
For example, a detailed description of a purely professional relationship with a foreign colleague, with dates and nature of interactions clearly stated, will eliminate any unnecessary concern. Conversely, failing to mention a close friendship with someone from a country of concern could significantly delay or even derail the process. Transparency is key here.
Proactive Communication with the Investigator
Proactive communication is paramount. Don’t wait for the investigator to contact you; if you anticipate any potential issues, reach out to them proactively. This demonstrates your cooperation and willingness to address concerns head-on. A simple phone call or email expressing your willingness to cooperate fully can set a positive tone for the entire investigation. This proactive approach shows initiative and a commitment to transparency.
It conveys a sense of responsibility and reinforces your trustworthiness.
Presenting Mitigating Factors
Mitigating factors are crucial in demonstrating that any identified issues are not indicative of a pattern of behavior that would pose a security risk. These factors can include positive character references, evidence of rehabilitation, or demonstrated commitment to personal growth and stability. For instance, if you have a history of impulsive behavior, highlight any therapy or self-improvement initiatives undertaken to address this.
These efforts demonstrate a proactive approach to self-improvement and a commitment to responsible behavior. Think of it as presenting a narrative of growth and responsibility, showcasing your transformation and stability. It’s about showing the complete picture, not just the blemishes.
Interview Preparation and Strategies: How To Apply For Dod Security Clearance
So, you’ve filled out the SF86, navigated the background check labyrinth, and now you’re facing the final hurdle: the security clearance interview. Don’t worry, it’s not as terrifying as it sounds. With the right preparation, you can confidently walk into that interview room and ace it. Think of it as a conversation, not an interrogation. Let’s equip you with the tools to succeed.The interview is your chance to clarify any points raised during the investigation and to demonstrate your suitability for a security clearance.
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The interviewers want to get a sense of who you are, your character, and your judgment. They’re looking for honesty, transparency, and a consistent narrative throughout your responses. Remember, this isn’t about trick questions; it’s about assessing your trustworthiness.
Expected Interview Questions
Interviewers will delve into various aspects of your life, seeking consistency and clarity in your responses. Expect questions about your employment history, financial stability, foreign contacts, and any potential security concerns. They might ask about past behaviors, relationships, and even your social media presence. Be prepared to discuss any discrepancies or inconsistencies found in your application, and always be truthful and forthcoming.
Remember, even seemingly insignificant details can be important. For example, they may ask about a specific trip you took, not just to confirm your travel history, but to assess your judgment in choosing travel companions and destinations. A seemingly innocent vacation could reveal concerning associations if not explained clearly.
Responding to Challenging Questions, How to apply for dod security clearance
Handling tough questions requires a calm and collected approach. Never get defensive. If you don’t understand a question, politely ask for clarification. If a question makes you uncomfortable, acknowledge that feeling honestly but then proceed to answer the question directly and truthfully, avoiding evasiveness. For instance, if asked about a past mistake, own up to it, explain what you learned from it, and demonstrate how you’ve changed or grown as a result.
Instead of saying, “I made a mistake,” try, “In hindsight, I realize I could have handled that situation differently. I learned from that experience and now I would approach it by…” This shows self-awareness and a willingness to learn. Another example: If asked about a past relationship with someone who has questionable associations, explain the relationship truthfully, but emphasize the limited nature of the contact and that you haven’t maintained contact since [date].
Remember, context is key.
Presenting Yourself Professionally and Confidently
Your demeanor matters. Dress professionally, arrive on time, and maintain eye contact. Speak clearly and concisely, avoiding jargon or overly complex language. Project confidence without arrogance. Remember to listen attentively to the questions and take a moment to gather your thoughts before responding.
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Practice answering potential questions beforehand, so you can articulate your responses clearly and concisely. This preparation will not only enhance your confidence but also ensure that you can effectively communicate your qualifications. Consider practicing in front of a mirror or with a friend to refine your delivery.
Interview Preparation Tips
Preparing for your interview is crucial. Here’s a checklist to help you:
- Review your SF86 thoroughly. Familiarize yourself with every detail you provided.
- Anticipate potential questions based on your application and personal history.
- Prepare concise and truthful answers to those anticipated questions.
- Practice your responses out loud. This helps to refine your delivery and identify areas for improvement.
- Dress professionally for the interview. First impressions matter.
- Arrive on time, or even a few minutes early, to show respect for the interviewer’s time.
- Bring a copy of your resume and any supporting documentation.
- Maintain a calm and confident demeanor throughout the interview.
- Remember to breathe and relax. You’ve got this!
This process might seem daunting, but remember: your journey to obtaining a security clearance is a testament to your commitment and dedication. Embrace the challenges, learn from the experiences, and celebrate your successes along the way. The interview is just one more step toward achieving your goal. Believe in yourself, and remember, your story matters. Let your genuine character shine through, and you’ll increase your chances of a successful outcome.
Understanding the Decision Process
Securing a Department of Defense security clearance is a journey, not a sprint. After completing the application and undergoing the background investigation, the waiting game begins. This phase, the decision-making process, is often the most stressful part, but understanding the factors involved can alleviate some anxiety. Think of it as the final puzzle piece, bringing together all the previous steps.The decision on your security clearance application isn’t made lightly.
It’s a meticulous evaluation of your background, character, and trustworthiness. Several factors are carefully weighed, including the information gathered during the investigation, the nature of the position you’re seeking, and the specific security requirements of that role. The investigators aren’t just looking for red flags; they’re building a comprehensive picture of who you are and how your past actions might impact national security.
It’s a bit like assembling a detailed biography, only this one has very high stakes.
Factors Influencing the Decision
The adjudicative process considers a wide range of factors. These include, but aren’t limited to, your financial history (are you responsible with money?), foreign contacts (do you have any ties that could compromise security?), criminal history (self-!), and substance abuse history (past and present use). Each piece of information is carefully examined within the context of your entire application.
Think of it as a holistic assessment, not just a checklist. For instance, a single minor traffic violation might not be a major concern, but a pattern of reckless behavior could raise red flags. Similarly, a past financial hardship might be understandable, but a history of failing to repay debts might indicate a lack of responsibility.
Possible Outcomes
The adjudication process can lead to several different outcomes. A favorable outcome, naturally, is the granting of a security clearance. This allows you to access classified information relevant to your position. However, a denial of clearance is also possible, if the investigation reveals information that raises concerns about your trustworthiness or reliability. Another potential outcome is a request for further investigation.
This often means the investigators need more information to make a definitive decision, and it might involve additional interviews or document requests. Imagine it as a detective needing a few more clues before solving the case. It’s not necessarily bad news, just a request for more information.
Appealing a Denial
Receiving a denial can be disheartening, but it’s important to remember that you have options. You have the right to appeal a denial of security clearance. The appeals process involves submitting a detailed response addressing the specific reasons for the denial. This is where a strong understanding of the process, and potentially legal counsel, becomes invaluable. Think of it as presenting your case to a judge, and it requires careful preparation and clear articulation.
The appeals process is a chance to present additional information, clarify misunderstandings, and provide a compelling argument for reconsideration. This is your opportunity to show that you’re worthy of the trust the clearance represents. Success here requires meticulous attention to detail and a well-crafted presentation.
The Decision-Making Process Flowchart
Imagine a flowchart. It starts with the submission of your SF86 form. This flows into the background investigation phase. After the investigation, the adjudicator reviews all gathered information. This leads to one of three possible outcomes: Clearance Granted, Further Investigation Required, or Clearance Denied.
If granted, you move on to your role. If further investigation is needed, the process loops back to the investigation phase. If denied, you have the option to appeal the decision. The appeal process results in either a reversal of the decision (clearance granted) or the decision remains unchanged (clearance denied). This visual representation clarifies the process’s structure and possible pathways.
Maintaining a Security Clearance
Securing a DoD security clearance is a significant achievement, a testament to your trustworthiness and reliability. However, the journey doesn’t end there. Think of it like this: getting the clearance is like getting the keys to a really cool car; maintaining it is like keeping that car in top condition and ensuring you drive it responsibly. The ongoing responsibility for maintaining your clearance is crucial, impacting not only your career but also national security.
Let’s explore what that entails.Maintaining your security clearance is an ongoing commitment to upholding the highest standards of integrity and security. It’s not a “set it and forget it” kind of thing; it requires consistent vigilance and adherence to a strict code of conduct. Failure to do so can result in serious consequences, up to and including the revocation of your clearance.
This isn’t just about paperwork; it’s about safeguarding sensitive information and protecting national interests.
Continuous Adherence to Security Regulations
The Department of Defense (DoD) provides comprehensive guidelines and regulations for security clearance holders. These aren’t suggestions; they are mandatory requirements. Staying updated on these regulations is paramount. Think of them as the owner’s manual for your “top-secret” vehicle. Regularly reviewing these documents ensures you understand your responsibilities and avoid unintentional breaches.
Ignoring updates is akin to ignoring warning lights on your dashboard – eventually, it will lead to problems. A proactive approach is key; regular self-assessment and continuous learning are vital. You’re not just protecting classified information; you’re protecting your career and your reputation.
Examples of Actions Leading to Revocation
Let’s be clear: certain actions can lead to the immediate revocation of your security clearance. These actions often involve violations of security regulations, financial irresponsibility, or questionable conduct. For example, unauthorized disclosure of classified information, even seemingly insignificant details, is a serious offense. Similarly, significant financial problems, such as bankruptcy or substantial debt, could raise concerns about vulnerability to coercion or blackmail.
Substance abuse, criminal activity, and even associating with individuals known to engage in suspicious activities can all jeopardize your clearance. These aren’t hypothetical scenarios; these are real-life consequences with lasting repercussions. The DoD takes these matters very seriously. It’s a matter of trust, and that trust must be earned and maintained consistently.
Resources for Staying Informed
Staying abreast of security clearance requirements and updates is a continuous process. The DoD provides various resources to assist clearance holders. These include official websites, publications, and training programs. Think of these resources as your trusted mechanics – they’re there to help you keep your “security vehicle” running smoothly. Regularly checking the official DoD websites for updates and attending relevant training sessions are vital steps in maintaining compliance.
Proactive engagement with these resources demonstrates your commitment to security and helps prevent unintentional violations. Remember, staying informed isn’t just a good idea; it’s a necessity. It’s about protecting yourself, your career, and the national security interests you’re entrusted to safeguard.